![]() Universe Sandbox tracks three phases of water across the surface of the object. Right: The Elevation map drawn on the Earth's surface. Left: The Earth with no water, seen with the default Universe Sandbox view. The Elevation map of an object can currently be changed via impacts, which will create craters that will decrease the elevation in some areas of the surface, and material is excavated, and increase the elevation in other areas, as debris is deposited on the surface. A positive value on the Displacement map indicates that the Elevation value of that cell has decreased, and a negative value indicates that the Elevation value of that cell has increased. If the Elevation of the object's surface is changed, the Displacement map shows how much each grid cell has been changed from its original elevation. The Displacement map of an object is empty at the beginning of a simulation. The elevation maps of other objects, like exoplanets and randomly generated planets, are randomly generated. The Elevation map of certain known planets in the Solar System, including Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, is stored in the Universe Sandbox database and based on actual data for these planets. The Elevation and Displacement properties represent the height of every point on the surface map and the change in that height, respectively. In areas of the surface that are covered by liquid water, and thus have an elevation equal to sea level, the Surface Temperature will equal the Sea Level Temperature. Thus, the Surface Temperature represents the temperature that would actually be measured at the elevation above sea level of a given point. Surface points at higher elevations will be cooler, experiencing a drop in temperature with elevation that based on the object's Lapse Rate. The Surface Temperature, however, also depends on the elevation of each point above sea level. The difference between these two types of temperature is that the simulation of the Sea Level Temperature only considers the flow into and out of each point on the surface, and thus represents the temperature that would be measured at each point if it were at sea level. The temperature calculations consider the effects of incoming heat from sources like nearby stars, the effects of cooling, and the spread of heat across the surface of the object. The Surface and Sea Level Temperature layers represents the temperature of each point on the map of the object's surface. Surface Temperature and Sea Level Temperature The Surface Temperature over the oceans, however, matches the Sea Level Temperature values. Because the Surface Temperature depends on elevation, the continents are visible on this map. The Earth's Surface Temperature and Sea Level maps. The surface map for each of these surface properties can be displayed by using the Type setting in the object's View Panel. Ice Thickness is displayed using the same units as Radius. ![]() Ice Thickness represents the thickness of the ice (solid water) layer in each point on the map.Water Depth is displayed using the same units as Radius. Liquid Water Depth represents the height of the surface of the water above the sea floor in each point on the map.Water Vapor Pressure is displayed using the same units as Surface Pressure. Water Vapor Pressure represents the pressure of water vapor in each point on the map. ![]() Displacement is displayed using the same units as Radius. Displacement represents the change in the height of each point of the map relative to the original elevation.Elevation is displayed using the same units as Radius. Elevation represents the height of each point on the map.Sea Level Temperature is displayed using the same units as Average Temperature. Sea Level Temperature represents the temperature at sea level at each point on the map.Surface Temperature is displayed using the same units as Average Temperature. Surface Temperature represents the temperature at the surface elevation at each point on the map.The following properties can be simulated: Related Properties & Settings Properties 2.1 Surface Temperature and Sea Level Temperature.
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